Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that remains a global health concern despite the availability of an effective vaccine. It can lead to severe complications, particularly in young children and immunocompromised individuals. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and preventive measures, including vaccination, is crucial to reducing its spread.
What is Measles?
Measles is caused by the Measles Morbillivirus, a virus that primarily affects the respiratory system. It spreads through respiratory droplets from infected individuals when they cough or sneeze. Due to its high transmissibility, an unvaccinated person exposed to the virus has a 90% chance of contracting measles.
Signs and Symptoms of Measles
Symptoms of measles typically appear 7-14 days after exposure and progress in stages:
Early Symptoms (Prodromal Phase)
- High fever (up to 40°C or 104°F)
- Cough
- Runny nose (coryza)
- Red, watery eyes (conjunctivitis)
- Fatigue and body aches
- Koplik’s Spots
One of the hallmark signs of measles is Koplik’s spots, small white spots with a bluish-white centre that appear inside the mouth, usually 1-2 days before the rash develops.
Measles Rash
- Begins as red, flat spots on the face and hairline before spreading to the trunk, arms, and legs.
- Merges into larger patches.
- Can last 5-7 days before fading, often leaving behind a brownish discoloration and mild skin peeling.
Complications of Measles
While measles is typically self-limiting, it can cause severe complications, especially in young children, pregnant women, and immunocompromised individuals. These include:
- Ear infections (which can lead to permanent hearing loss)
- Pneumonia (a leading cause of measles-related deaths)
- Encephalitis (brain inflammation, which can cause seizures and cognitive impairment)
- Severe diarrhoea and dehydration
- Pregnancy complications, including premature birth and low birth weight
How to Prevent Measles?
Vaccination: The Best Protection Against Measles
The Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine is the most effective way to prevent measles. It provides lifelong immunity in most cases and is administered in two doses:
- First dose: At 12-15 months of age
- Second dose: At 4-6 years of age
For adults who have never been vaccinated, two doses of the MMR vaccine, given at least 28 days apart, are recommended.
Types of Measles Vaccines
- MMR Vaccine – Protects against Measles, Mumps, and Rubella.
- MMRV Vaccine – Protects against Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella (Chickenpox).
- Monovalent Measles Vaccine – Less common but used in some countries.
What to Do After Exposure to Measles?
If you’ve been exposed to someone with measles and you are unvaccinated, here’s what to do:
- Get Vaccinated: If given within 72 hours of exposure, the MMR vaccine can prevent or lessen the severity of measles.
- Receive Immunoglobulin: For high-risk individuals (pregnant women, infants, and immunocompromised patients), immune globulin injections within 6 days of exposure can help reduce severity.
- Monitor Symptoms: If you develop a fever and rash, isolate yourself and seek medical advice immediately.
Regions Where Measles is Endemic
Measles is still prevalent in many parts of the world, especially in areas with low vaccination rates. These include:
- Sub-Saharan Africa (Nigeria, Ethiopia, DR Congo)
- South and Southeast Asia (India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Philippines)
- Parts of Europe (Ukraine, Romania, France, and the UK)
- South America (Brazil, Venezuela)
Measles Vaccination in Shepperton at Trio Pharmacy
At Trio Pharmacy’s Travel & Vaccination Clinic in Shepperton, we offer the MMR vaccine to protect you and your loved ones from measles. Whether you’re traveling to an endemic region or simply ensuring full immunity, we provide:
- Expert advice on measles prevention
- Safe and effective vaccination services
- Flexible appointment scheduling
Why Choose Trio Pharmacy for Measles Vaccination?
- Trusted healthcare professionals
- Convenient booking options
- Safe and effective immunisation services
- Advice on travel vaccinations
Book Your Measles Vaccination Today! Protect yourself and your community by ensuring you are fully vaccinated against measles.