Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious viral infection that affects the central nervous system and is transmitted through the bite of infected ticks. The disease is prevalent in many parts of Europe and Asia, making it a significant concern for travellers and outdoor enthusiasts. Fortunately, vaccination is available to protect against TBE.
What is Tick-Borne Encephalitis?
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), which belongs to the Flavivirus family. The virus primarily spreads through tick bites, particularly from Ixodes ricinus (Europe) and Ixodes persulcatus (Asia). In rare cases, TBE can be contracted through consuming unpasteurized dairy products from infected animals.
Causes and Transmission of TBE
- Tick Bites: The primary mode of transmission, where infected ticks transfer the virus to humans during feeding.
- Infected Dairy Products: Consuming unpasteurized milk from infected goats, sheep, or cows.
- Person-to-Person Transmission: Extremely rare, but possible through blood transfusion or organ transplantation.
Signs and Symptoms of Tick-Borne Encephalitis
TBE symptoms vary depending on the stage of infection:
Stage 1 (Flu-like Symptoms)
- Fever
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Muscle pain
- Nausea
- Loss of appetite
Some people recover after this stage, but others progress to severe neurological symptoms.
Stage 2 (Neurological Symptoms)
- Meningitis (inflammation of brain and spinal cord membranes)
- Encephalitis (brain inflammation)
- Confusion and disorientation
- Seizures
- Paralysis
- Speech and coordination problems
Severe cases can lead to long-term complications such as cognitive impairment, persistent headaches, and muscle weakness.
Types of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccines
Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent TBE. There are several TBE vaccines available worldwide:
- FSME-IMMUN: Commonly used in Europe, effective against all TBEV subtypes.
- Encepur: Another European vaccine, providing long-lasting immunity.
- TICOVAC: Used internationally, including in travel clinics.
- EnceVir: Primarily used in Russia.
TBE Vaccine Schedule
The standard vaccination schedule consists of:
- Primary series: Three doses over 6–12 months.
- Booster doses: Every 3–5 years for ongoing protection, depending on age and exposure risk.
Side Effects of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccination
Like all vaccines, the TBE vaccine may cause mild side effects, including:
- Soreness at the injection site
- Mild fever
- Fatigue
- Muscle pain
Severe reactions are rare but may include allergic responses. Always consult a healthcare provider before vaccination.
Who Should Get the TBE Vaccine?
- Travellers visiting endemic regions in Europe and Asia.
- Hikers, campers, and outdoor workers in tick-prone areas.
- Residents of endemic areas with frequent tick exposure.
- Laboratory workers handling the TBE virus.
Prevention of Tick-Borne Encephalitis
Apart from vaccination, the following preventive measures can reduce the risk of TBE:
1. Tick Avoidance
- Wear long sleeves and trousers when in wooded or grassy areas.
- Use tick repellents containing DEET or permethrin.
- Stay on designated paths and avoid dense vegetation.
- Check for ticks after outdoor activities.
2. Proper Tick Removal
- Use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick close to the skin.
- Pull steadily without twisting.
- Clean the area with antiseptic.
- Dispose of the tick properly.
3. Safe Food Practices
- Avoid consuming unpasteurized milk and dairy products in endemic regions.
What to Do After a Tick Bite?
If you are bitten by a tick:
- Remove the tick immediately using tweezers.
- Disinfect the bite site with antiseptic.
- Monitor symptoms for fever, headache, or flu-like signs.
- Seek medical advice if symptoms develop within 2–4 weeks.
- Consider post-exposure vaccination if recommended by a healthcare provider.
Regions Where Tick-Borne Encephalitis is Endemic
TBE is found in over 27 countries, including:
- Europe: Austria, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Finland, Poland, Russia.
- Asia: China, Japan, Mongolia, South Korea.
Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccination in Shepperton
If you’re planning to travel to an endemic region, it is highly recommended to get vaccinated at a reliable travel clinic. Trio Pharmacy’s Travel & Vaccination Clinic in Shepperton offers the tick-borne encephalitis vaccination in Shepperton for those at risk.
Why Choose Trio Pharmacy for Your Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine?
- Experienced healthcare professionals.
- Convenient location and flexible appointments.
- Personalised travel health advice.
- Competitive pricing for vaccinations.
Book your appointment today at Trio Pharmacy’s Travel & Vaccination Clinic in Shepperton to stay protected from tick-borne encephalitis!
Conclusion
Tick-borne encephalitis is a serious yet preventable disease. Whether you are a traveller, hiker, or resident of an endemic area, vaccination remains the best defence. In addition to getting your tick-borne encephalitis vaccination in Shepperton, taking preventive measures such as tick avoidance and safe food consumption can further reduce your risk.
If you are looking for a tick-borne encephalitis vaccination clinic in Shepperton, Trio Pharmacy’s Travel & Vaccination Clinic is here to help. Protect yourself and your loved ones—get vaccinated today!